课文
Please send me a card「请寄给我一张明信片」
Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A fiendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
译:
明信片总搅得我的假日不得安宁。去年夏天,我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆,还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语,之后还借给了一本书。我读了几行,但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得很快,可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天,我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床,买来了37章明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天,然而竟连一张明信片也没有写成!
a few words「几句话」
lent me a book「lent为“借出”,常用“lend sb. sth.”或“lend sth. to sb.”。borrow为“借入”,常用“borrow sth.”或“borrow sth. from sb.”」
单词
send:v.「sent(过去式和过去分词)」,寄、送。send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
send for a doctor/taxi「派人叫/请一个医生/出租车」
post office「邮局」
postcode「邮编」
postman「邮递员」
postbox/mainbox「邮筒,邮箱」
其他:
a christmas card「圣诞卡片」
a credit card「信用卡」
an ID card/an identity card「身份证」
play cards「扑克牌」
同样时态变形的单词:
dream:dreamed(过去分词),dreamt(过去式和过去分词)
learn:learned or learnt(过去式和过去分词)
其他含义:
① 宠坏、溺爱:Don’t spoil your children.「别宠爱你的孩子」
② 食物腐烂:Put the food in the fridge or it will spoil soon.「把食物放冰箱里,否则很快会变质」
同义词:
spoil:损坏「指精神上的损坏,较抽象」
① damage:损坏「可以修复」
② destroy:破坏「特指短期、大规模破坏,无法修复,如核弹爆炸破坏」
③ ruin:损坏「长期、慢慢的损坏,无法修复」
public gardens「公园」/schools「公立学校」/opinion「公共舆论」(一般名词加复数,或public前加冠词)
n. 公众、大众
The museum is open to the public on Sundays「博物馆周日对公众开放」
adj.公开的
Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.「他们的秘密会晤20年后才被公开」
He is friendly to all of us.「他对我们很友好」
同结构词:
brotherly「兄弟般的」
fatherly「父亲般的」
manly「男子气概的」
lovely「可爱的」
motherly「慈母般的」
lovely「可爱的」
lonely「孤单的、寂寞的」
timely「及时的」
waitress「女服务员」
actor「男演员」
actress「女演员」
host「男主人」
hostess「女主人」
make/take a decision「做决定」
decide「v. 决定」
decide to do sth.「决定做某事」
A whole new world.「一个全新的世界」
Whole milk「全脂奶」
The whole thing makes me sick.「整件事让我不舒服」
A single bed「单人床」/ticket「单程票」
句子
一般过去时
定义:过去的事何时发生,与现在无关,过去是什么,现在不是了。
形式:v.过去式「did」
eg:
She had a boyfriend.「她之前有男朋友(现在没了)」
Tom was a student.「汤姆之前是学生(现在不是了)」
疑问:
Were you happy?
Did they have a meeting?
否定:
You were not happy.
They did not have a meeting.「加did,动词have用原形」
直接宾语与间接宾语
定义:有的动词后可接两个宾语,直接宾语通常是动作涉及的事物,通常为物。间接宾语表示动作对谁做,通常为人。
He lent me a book.「他借给我一本书」
直接宾语:a book
间接宾语:me
间接宾语常置于直接宾语前,若间接宾语置于直接宾语后,需在间接宾语前加to:
He lent a book to me.
课文句子
A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.
a few「可与复数可数名词连用,含some,a small number of(一些,少数几个)意思」
The police would like to ask him a few questions.「警嚓要问他一些问题」
Are there any books on the desk?「桌上有书吗?」
-Yes, there are a few.「是的,有几本」
…,but I did not understand word.
not…a否定意义比单用not强。课文最后single,语气更强。
eg:
① I did not understand a word.「我一个字也不懂」
I did not understand.「我不懂」
② I did not write a single card.「我竟连一张明信片也没写成」
I did not write any cards.「我没写明信片」
③ He did not speak a word at the party.「她在晚会上一个字都没说」
He did not speak at the party.「他在晚会上没说话」
Every day I thought about…
every day「每一天,和句子连用」
everyday「adj. 每天,修饰名词」
I got up early and…
原形 过去式 过去分词
get got got/gotten
buy bought bought
get up early/late「起床早/晚」
stay up late「熬夜」
I spent the whole day in my room…
① spend「主语必须为人」
spend time/money + on sth.「花费时间/钱在某事上」
spend time/money + (in) doing sth.「花费时间/钱在做某事上」
② whole「整整的,整个的」
a whole year「一整年」
a whole bottle of milk「一整瓶牛奶」
two whole weeks「整整两周」